Pasar tenaga kerja yang melambat berhadapan dengan inflasi yang persisten saat para bankir sentral menuju Jackson Hole. Berikut adalah angka, aset, dan skenario utama yang sedang dipantau oleh para trader.
FedWatch Tool signals September pause
Since mid-August 2026, markets have gradually reduced expectations of an immediate interest rate hike, but they have not ruled it out. According to a Reuters survey, the consensus among economists sees a Federal Reserve (Fed) pause as the most likely outcome. At the same time, interest rate futures markets remain cautious and continue to price a risk of additional monetary tightening as part of broader US market drivers.
According to updates from the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) FedWatch Tool as of 26 August 2026, the September Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting carries a 63.9% probability that the Fed will keep the federal funds target range unchanged at 3.50% to 3.75%, and a 36.1% probability of a 25 basis point rate hike to 3.75% to 4.00%. Compared with previous days, this reflects a modest strengthening of the pause scenario.
FOMC division & Warsh's inflation commitment
Federal Reserve Chair Kevin Warsh remains a key watchpoint for investors, while continuing to stress the central bank's commitment to bringing headline inflation back towards its 2% target. Minutes from the July 28 to 29 FOMC meeting revealed a more divided Committee than expected. While rates were left unchanged, three members voted in favour of an immediate 25 basis point increase, suggesting that the debate over further tightening remains open. Several participants also indicated that additional policy tightening could become necessary if inflation does not continue to slow.
From a macroeconomic perspective, current conditions remain consistent with a cautious Fed stance. The Cleveland Fed continues to estimate inflation above the 2% target, while the New York Fed Nowcast suggests third-quarter gross domestic product (GDP) growth of around 2.1%. As a result, the economy continues to expand without showing enough weakness to justify near-term rate cuts.
Price stability vs employment
The labour market has also begun to show signs of cooling. The latest Non-Farm Payrolls (NFP) report showed an unexpected loss of 23,000 jobs in July 2026, compared with market expectations for continued job growth, while the unemployment rate stood at 4.1%. In addition, downward revisions to previous months indicate that the labour market is less resilient than investors had believed earlier in 2026.
This creates a policy trade-off for the Fed. Inflation remains elevated, while employment momentum is gradually weakening. This conflict between price stability and labour market conditions is likely to be one of the key factors investors monitor in the coming weeks.
Jackson Hole 2026: Deciphering Warsh's reaction
Another development is that markets appear focused on Chair Warsh’s policy reaction function rather than the September meeting itself. Observations from Bloomberg and Reuters suggest that investors want to understand how the Fed Chair intends to respond to inflation, growth, and government bond yields, rather than receiving explicit guidance about the next policy decision.
This is why the 2026 Jackson Hole Economic Symposium has become especially important. Many analysts believe Chair Warsh may avoid direct comments on future Fed funds decisions and instead focus on broader structural themes such as productivity, financial innovation, the bond market, and central bank communication. Markets are expected to scrutinise comments from Chair Warsh for clues regarding the future path of monetary policy.
Assets traders are watching
The euro against the US dollar (EUR/USD) is a primary asset through which the market expresses expectations regarding US monetary policy. If the yield differential between the United States and the Eurozone narrows, the US dollar tends to weaken while the euro strengthens.
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Bullish Scenario
If Jackson Hole confirms a cautious Fed stance and inflation continues to ease, markets may further reduce the probability of future rate hikes. Under this scenario, the US dollar could become less attractive and EUR/USD could benefit from renewed buying flows. -
Bearish Scenario
If Chair Warsh signals that inflation remains too high and that a rate hike by December remains a realistic possibility, the US dollar could strengthen, placing pressure on the euro.
The US dollar against the Japanese yen (USD/JPY) is sensitive to yield differentials between US Treasury bonds and Japanese government bonds. Fed fund expectations and broader rate divide dynamics directly influence the direction of the pair.
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Bullish Scenario
If markets become convinced that another Fed rate hike is coming, US yields could move higher, supporting the dollar against the yen. -
Bearish Scenario
If inflation continues to cool and the probability of further hikes declines, the yen could recover and push the pair lower.
The British pound against the US dollar (GBP/USD) is influenced by both the Bank of England (BoE) and the Fed, but the US dollar remains a primary driver. Changes in Fed expectations continue to impact the pair.
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Bullish Scenario
A less aggressive Fed stance could weaken the US dollar and support GBP/USD. -
Bearish Scenario
If Chair Warsh adopts a hawkish tone and markets increase the likelihood of further tightening, the US dollar could strengthen at the expense of sterling.
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The Nasdaq 100 Index (NDX100) is sensitive to interest rate expectations. Large technology companies are heavily evaluated against AI capex spending versus revenue, and their valuations are strongly influenced by movements in government bond yields. Long-term Treasury yields remain near multi-year highs, and Chair Warsh’s Jackson Hole speech could directly influence the Treasury yield curve.
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Bullish Scenario
A Fed pause combined with stable yields could support elevated valuations across technology and AI stocks, potentially pushing the index higher. -
Bearish Scenario
Higher probabilities of future rate hikes would likely compress valuation multiples and increase pressure on growth-oriented mega-cap stocks.
US small-cap companies represented by the Russell 2000 Index (US2000) depend more heavily on bank credit and financing costs than large corporations. As a result, they are often among the beneficiaries of a less aggressive Fed.
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Bullish Scenario
A prolonged Fed pause could improve financing conditions and support a recovery among smaller US companies. -
Bearish Scenario
A renewed increase in rate hike expectations would place additional pressure on highly leveraged companies and weigh on valuations.
Nvidia Corp (NVDA) remains a leading symbol of the hardware buildout amid the ongoing AI chip war. The Fed, UBS, and Morgan Stanley continue to view AI investment as a key driver of US economic growth.
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Bullish Scenario
If financing costs stop rising and the Fed confirms an extended pause, investors may continue rewarding the AI sector and its premium valuations. -
Bearish Scenario
Rising bond yields driven by stronger rate hike expectations could trigger a compression in valuation multiples, even if company fundamentals remain solid.
SoFi Technologies (SOFI) is directly exposed to financing costs and broader consumer credit trends. Federal Reserve policy has a significant impact on the company’s operating environment.
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Bullish Scenario
A stable Fed and normalised financial conditions could support business growth and improve investor sentiment. -
Bearish Scenario
A restrictive interest rate environment would increase pressure on consumer borrowing and lending activity, weighing on the stock.
Gold is mainly influenced by real interest rates and the strength of the US dollar. When traders evaluate gold against alternative asset classes, an ending to the Fed’s tightening cycle generally provides structural support.
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Bullish Scenario
Lower probabilities of future rate hikes combined with a weaker US dollar could support additional buying interest in gold. -
Bearish Scenario
If markets increase expectations for further Fed tightening and real yields move higher, gold could lose part of its relative attractiveness.
Crude oil is affected by Fed policy mainly through economic growth expectations and the US dollar, alongside shifting supply-demand balance assessments from OPEC and the IEA. A restrictive monetary policy tends to slow global energy demand.
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Bullish Scenario
If the US economy continues growing around 2.1% and the Fed leaves rates unchanged, energy demand could remain solid and support crude oil prices. -
Bearish Scenario
Higher probabilities of Fed tightening or an economic slowdown could weigh on the outlook for crude oil demand.
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